The Ministry of Transportation of Indonesia with the regional and local governments of the Cities of Bandung, West Java and Medan, North Sumatra, is planning to improve the transit system with the expansion of Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) corridors. In Bandung, the proposed road corridor follows the west-east city development, where the main flows are. The west corridor is a natural path to link Cimahi in the west to Terminal Cicaheum in the northeast area. While in Medan, the BRT Corridor will be located in Medan City, Binjai, and Deli Serdang Regency, also known as Mebidang (Medan Metropolitan), in North Sumatra Province.
The project aims to have a positive impact on the existing transportation services, to offer more reliable and convenient services and lower cumulative carbon emission, while minimizing negative impacts to one category of the Project Affected Persons (PAPs), which are angkot owners, owner-cum-drivers, permanent or temporary drivers and other crew. A qualitative study to be conducted to understand these potential negative impacts through obtaining information of these potential PAPs’ socio-economy profile, major challenges and impacts imposed on them by the Project and their perceptions, concerns and expectations with regard to the BRT project. The outcome from this survey will be used as an input to design the mitigation plan, including for the livelihood of the PAPs. Alternatives that will be proposed to mitigate the socio-economic impacts on PAPs will be presented and consulted with the respective PAPs, then included in the final Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) in Bandung and in ESIA Medan.
The study applies a-mix method of quantitative and qualitative data collection techniques, i.e.: surveys to angkot drivers, angkot fleets owners, and angkot owners cum drivers; while the qualitative data was collected over in-depth interviews with angkot drivers and angkot fleets owners; and focus group discussion with angkot drivers and angkot fleets owners, and angkot organizations or paguyuban].
The study took place in 12 selected routes in the Greater Bandung area and 13 routes in the Medan Metropolitan area. In each of the locations, the study collects information from 250 respondents and informants and from 24 FGD participants (please refer to the following table).
Lists of angkot drivers are provided by the district transportation officials (dinas transportasi) which was used as a referral database for identifying the candidates. Key informants are identified and selected based on their experience, knowledge, and expertise in the angkot operation industry so they can provide depth and valuable information to add to the quantitative survey results. The list of angkot organization provided by officials of the transportation department, also include names of leader candidates (associations or ‘paguyuban’) and Organisasi Angkutan Darat (Organda) at the district or provincial levels.
